Western Desert Aboriginal People
Western Desert Aboriginal groups (Pintupi, Martu, Ngaanyatjarra, others—tens of thousands) inhabit Australia's arid interior—one of the world's driest regions. They endure extreme heat (50°C+), minimal rainfall (<200mm), and vast desert landscapes. Sophisticated water-finding knowledge, Dreamtime spirituality, extensive walking (songlines), and recent contact history (some Pintupi contacted 1984) characterize ancient desert adaptation spanning 50,000+ years.